Articles · No. 02-03-04 (2003): CODESRIA Bulletin, Nos 2, 3 & 4, 2003 · Pages 44-48
HIV/AIDS: Social Science and HIV/Aids Policies in Africa
- DOI https://doi.org/10.57054/cb02-03-042003618
- Published 2021-08-17
- 5 pages
Abstract
As is well-known the HIV infection profile in sub-Saharan Africa is very different from the HIV infection profile in the developed North. This paper explores the strengths and weaknesses of the three main explanations for this difference: the cultural explanation, the dependency explanation and the rational choice explanation. I argue that all three explanations have major problems. The cultural explanation ignores the variety of African cultures and the wide variations in sexual practices of Africans in different countries and ethnic communities. It also tends to place the blame for HIV/Aids on African women. The dependency model is too concerned with the workings of the world system, puts too
much emphasis on poverty and overlooks the internal dynamics of the various countries of sub-Saharan Africa. The rational choice explanation underestimates the roles of emotion and habit in human sexual behaviour. Nevertheless
social science research and debate have ensured that moralism has played a minimal role in the formulation of Aids policies in sub-Saharan Africa. Social science research shows that all individuals are at risk and that the situation is going to get worse unless serious effort is committed towards the fight against Aids. Social science debate has ensured
that the afflicted are seen as victims more than as vectors. Aids policies in Africa have seesawed between containment of victims and potential victims and their sympathetic treatment. I argue that policies which do not emphasise containment are preferable. However for these to work the conditions which make Africa the most Aids-affected region in the world must be addressed. Poverty, inequality and underdevelopment must be seriously tackled if real progress is to be made in the fight against HIV/Aids.
HIV/AIDS
VIH/SIDA: Les Sciences humaines et les politiques sur le VIH/Sida en Afrique
Comme on le sait, le profil d'infection à VIH en Afrique subsaharienne est très différent du profil d'infection à VIH Nord développé. Cet article explore les forces et les faiblesses des trois principales explications de cette différence : l'explication culturelle, l'explication de la dépendance et l'explication du choix rationnel. Je soutiens que les trois explications ont des problèmes majeurs. L'explication culturelle ignore la variété des cultures africaines et les grandes variations dans
pratiques sexuelles des Africains dans différents pays et communautés ethniques. Il a également tendance à blâmer le VIH/Sida sur les femmes africaines. Le modèle de la dépendance est trop préoccupé par le fonctionnement du système mondial, met trop
met l'accent sur la pauvreté et néglige les dynamiques internes des différents pays d'Afrique subsaharienne. Le L'explication du choix rationnel sous-estime les rôles de l'émotion et de l'habitude dans le comportement sexuel humain. Néanmoins
la recherche et le débat en sciences sociales ont fait en sorte que le moralisme ait joué un rôle minimal dans la formulation du Sida politiques en Afrique subsaharienne. La recherche en sciences sociales montre que tous les individus sont à risque et que la situation est va s'aggraver si aucun effort sérieux n'est engagé dans la lutte contre le sida. Le débat sur les sciences sociales a assuré que les affligés sont davantage considérés comme des victimes que comme des vecteurs. Les politiques d'aide en Afrique ont oscillé entre le confinement des victimes et des victimes potentielles et leur traitement bienveillant. Je soutiens que les politiques qui ne mettent pas l'accent sur le confinement sont préférables. Cependant, pour que ceux-ci fonctionnent, les conditions qui font de l'Afrique la région la plus touchée par le sida dans le monde doit être abordé. La pauvreté, les inégalités et le sous-développement doivent être sérieusement combattus si l'on veut réaliser de réels progrès.
réalisés dans la lutte contre le VIH/Sida. VIH/SIDA
Statistics
- Abstract views
- 225
- Downloads
- 410
Citations
0 citations
Citations counted by OpenAlex, an open index of scholarly literature, updated weekly. Google Scholar may count more.
References
- Arrow, K., 1987, ‘Rationalty[[ of Self and Others’, in R Horgath and M Reder, eds., Rational Choice: The Contrast between Economics and Psychology, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Caldwell, J., Caldwell P. and Quiggins, P., 1989, The Social Context of Aids in Sub-Saharan Africa’, Population and Development Review, Vol.
- , No. 2, pp.185-234.
- Caldwell, J. Caldwell, P., 1996, ‘The African Aids Epidemic’, Scientific American, Vol. 274, No. 3, pp. 62-68.
- Gage-Brown, A and Meekers, D., ‘Sex, Contraception and Childbearing before Marriage in Sub-Saharan Africa’, International Family Planning Perspectives, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. ?.
- Gould, P., 1993, The Slow Plague. Oxford: Blackwell.
- Green, E., 1994, Aids and STDs in Africa, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.
- Hughes, S. and Malila, I., 1996, Messages from the Urban Environment: The Social Construction of HIV/Aids in Botswana, Paper presented at the Nineteenth SAUSSC Conference, Mmabatho, South Africa. 1-6th December.
- Hunt, C., 1989, ‘Migrant Labour and Sexually Transmitted Disease: Aids in Africa’, Journal of Health and Social Behaviour, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp 353-373.
- Jackson, H. and Pitts, M., 1991, ‘Company Policy on Aids in Zimbabwe’, Journal of Social Development in Africa, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 53-70.
- Jackson, H., 1996, National Policy and HIV/Aids in Zimbabwe: Rationale, Process and Issues,Paper Presented at the Nineteenth SAUSSC Conference, Mmabatho, South Africa. 1-6th December.
- Jochelson, K., Mothibeli, M. and Leger, J., 1991, ‘Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Migrant Labour in South Africa’, International Journal of Health Services, Vol 21, No. 1, pp 157-173.
- Le Blanc, M., Meintel, D. and Piché, V., 1991, ‘The African Sexual System: Comment on Caldwell et al’, Population and Development Review, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 497-505.
- Mufune, P., Mwansa, L., and Osei-Hwedie, K., 1993, ‘Attitudes Towards Risky Sexual Behaviour and Reactions towards People Infected with HIV among Zambian Students’, International Family Planning Perspectives, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. ?.
- Odebiyi, A., and Vivekananda, F., 1991, ‘Aids in Third World Countries: Africa – What are the Alternatives?’, Scandinavian Journal of Development Alternatives, Vol. 10, No. 1/2, pp.91-99.
- Osei-Hwedie, B and Osei-Hwedie, K., 1996, The Social Context of HIV/Aids Policy in Southern Africa: Some Emerging Issues Paper Presented at the Nineteenth SAUSSC Conference, Mmabatho, South Africa. 1-6th December.
- Pateman, R., 1996, Racialised and Gendered Identities at a Teachers Training College in Zimbabwe, Paper delivered at the SASA Congress.
- Durban, South Africa, July.
- Philipson, T and Posner, R., 1995, ‘On the Microeconomics of Aids in Africa’, Population and Development Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 835-848
- Editorial: by Adebayo Olukoshi & Francis B. Nyamnjoh Journal system
- Execuive Committee Presidents (1973–2003) Journal system
- journal system Journal system
- Governance to Reinforce Our Commununity: Reflections of a Former President Journal system