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Articles · Vol. 27 No 1-2 (2002): Afrique et développement
The Political Economy of Terrorism
10.4314/ad.v27i1.22158
- DOI https://doi.org/10.4314/ad.v27i1.22158
- Publiée 2002-01-01
Résumé
Ce texte est une tentative d'explication des causes structurelles qui, tout au long de ces dernières décennies, ont transformé le terrorisme en un instrument plus ou moins viable de changement politique, dans un contexte de mondialisation à double vitesse. Cependant, le terrorisme reste un phénomène qui présente plusieurs facettes et qui est utilisé aussi bien par les gouvernements que par les autres acteurs sociaux, soit systématiquement, soit d'une manière occasionnelle. Mais ces différents acteurs partagent la vision qui opte pour un recours à la force pour résoudre un certain nombre de problèmes et atteindre les objectifs qui y sont liés. Tout en utilisant une méthodologie implicitement propre au matérialisme dialectique le contenu du texte permet une incursion au niveau de l'économie politique internationale bâtie essentiellement sur le schéma occidental. Tant du point de vue des références, des intérêts que des valeurs contradictoires, ce schéma favorable aux américains et à leurs alliés, permet à ces derniers de trôner sur le globe comme ils l'entendent avec leurs comportements de mépris et d'abus de tout genre vis-à-vis du reste du monde. C'est au sein de ce schéma qu'il est reporté des faits relatifs aux violations des règles internationales, le non-respect des traités parrainés par les Nations-Unies, l'application sélective des valeurs et des principes leur sont encore utiles et l'abandon de ceux d'entre eux dont la capacité de nuisance a diminué. La contribution démontre que le recours à la force au détriment de la référence à la loi a eu comme effet de radicaliser les victimes selon le degré d'engagement des principaux concernés. En conclusion, une suggestion en appelle à un travail concerté entre tous les acteurs, essentiellement tournés vers une stratégie écologique globale fondée sur l'amitié, la solidarité et l'éthique. Ce sursaut semble être le seul scénario capable d'humaniser davantage les rapports inter-étatiques, les relations internationales et celles entre les peuples. Si l'intérêt particulier était éclairé, il recommanderait de trouver sa place dans la mobilisation pour l'intérêt général pour la réalisation duquel tous travailleraient en même temps.
The Political Economy of Terrorism: 10.4314/ad.v27i1.22158
This paper seeks to explicate the underlying structural factors that, over the past several decades, have made terrorism a more or less viable instrument of political change in an increasingly fractionalized global hamlet. Terrorism is, however, a multi- faceted phenomenon involving both a systematic and sporadic use of terror by governments and other social actors, with a view to forcing some specific or general political and related objectives. Using an implicit dialectical materialist methodology, the paper explores the international political economy anchored on an essentially Western frame of reference of interests and contradictory values that permits the US and its allies to run the globe as they deem fit-including using, misusing and abusing the rest of the world. Elements within this frame include violation of international laws; contempt for international treaties as well as for the UN when expedient to do so; selective application of democratic values and principles; support of strong-arm rulers/ tin-pot dictators when they are useful and their abandonment when their nuisance value diminishes. The paper argues that the rule of force as against the rule of law has tended to radicalize the victims, admittedly in varying degrees. It suggests in conclusion, the articulation, by all stakeholders in a shrinking global ecology, of a people- friendly and people-centred ethical compass, one apt at making inter-state, inter-national and inter-people relations more humane and more human. Enlightened self-interest ought to dictate to everyone concerned that it is in their common interest to assiduously work towards this goal.
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