8 - Private Provision and Its Changing Interface with Public Higher Education: The Case of Kenya
Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique,
Vol. 5 No 2-3 (2007): Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique
Résumé
Comme le reste du continent, le Kenya a une histoire relativement longue en matière d’offre publique d’enseignement supérieur. Cependant ; les réformes po- litiques dans les années 1980 ont abouti à la reconnaissance légitime du secteur privé. La concurrence émergente a ainsi contraint les deux secteurs d’adopter des stratégies d’adaptation, et de favoriser différents types d’offres, tels que la mise en place traditionnelle d’établissements privés, la privatisation des établissements du secteur public; le franchisage et d’autres formes de partenariats, ainsi que l’in- ternationalisation. Les universités privées se lancent aussi dans d’autres modes d’enseignement tels que les programmes dispensés le soir. Sur le plan juridique, la réglementation intense du secteur privé lui donne une importance manifeste, mais en même temps cela donne au secteur public un avantage excessif sur le privé car il reste largement incontrôlé.
Mots-clés
Télécharger la référence bibliographique
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)BibTeX
- Abagi, O., Nzomo, J., & Otieno, W., 2005, ‘Private Higher Education in Kenya’ in Varghese, N.V.(ed.). Private Higher Education, Paris: UNESCO/IIEP Paris: United Nations’ Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)/ International Institute of Education Planning (IIEP).
- Altbach, P. G., 2004, ‘The “Tipping Point” in International Education: How America is Losing the Race’, International Higher Education, No. 35, Spring, 5-6.
- Altbach, P. G., 1999, ‘Private Higher Education: Themes and Variations in Com- parative Perspective’ in Altbach, P. G. (ed.). Private Prometheus: Private Higher Education and Development in the 21st Century, Boston, MA: Centre for In- ternational Higher Education, School of Education, Boston College.
- Bogonko, S. N., 1992, Reflections on Education in East Africa, Nairobi: Oxford University Press.
- Burn, B. B., 2000, ‘Australia and Foreign Student Recruitment’, International Higher Education, No. 18, Winter.
- Commission for Higher Education (CHE), 2005, Statistical Records. Nairobi: CHE.
- Daily Nation, 2004, July 24, ‘Parallel Degrees Just Won’t Go Away from the House Yet’, p.14.
- Deloitte & Touché, 1994, Private University Study: Final Report, Vol. I and II, report prepared for the Commission of Higher Education, Nairobi.
- Eicher, J. C., & Chevailier, T., 2002, ‘Rethinking the Financing of Post-Compul- sory Education’, Higher Education in Europe, Vol. XXVII, Nos. 1-2, pp. 69 – 88, Carfax Publishing.
- Gupta, A., 2004, Divided Government and Private Higher Education Growth in India International Higher Education, Spring.
- Huisman, J. & Kaiser, F., 2001, October, Fixed and Fuzzy Boundaries in Higher Education: A Comparative Study of (Binary) Structures in Nine Countries, from http://www.awt.nl/.
- Johnstone, D. B., 1986, Sharing the Costs of Higher Education: Student Finan- cial Assistance in the United Kingdom, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Sweden and the United States, New York: College Entrance Exami- nations Board.
- Kenya Institute of Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA), 2004, Report of the Review of Terms and Conditions of Service for Academic Staff in Ken- yan Public Universities: Options for Forestalling Brain Drain, Nairobi: KIPPRA.
- Kenya, Republic of, 1989, Kenya Subsidiary Legislation, ‘The Universities (Es- tablishment of Universities) (Standardization, Accreditation and Supervision) Rules’, Nairobi: Government Printer.
- Kigotho, K., 2001, ‘Funding Crisis Hits University Education’, The East African Standard, March 25, pp. 11 and 15.
- Kraak, A., 2003, ‘Convergence of Public and Private Provisions at the Further- Higher Education Interface’ in Kruss, G. & Kraak, A. (eds.), A Contested Good? Understanding Private Higher Education in South Africa, Boston: Center for International Higher Education, Boston College and Programme for Research on Private Higher Education, Albany.
- Levy, D. C., 2003, Profits and Practicality: How South Africa Epitomizes the Global Surge in Commercial Private Higher Education, Programme for Pri- vate Higher Education (PROPHE) Working Paper No. 2, University at Albany, State University of New York, from http://www.alba ny.edu/dept/eaps/prophe/publication/paper.html#WP2.
- Levy, D. C., 1999, ‘When Private Higher Education Does Not Bring Organiza- tional Delivery: Case Material from Argentina, China and Hungary’ in Altbach, P. G. (ed). Private Prometheus: Private Higher Education and Development in the 21st Century, Boston, MA: Center for International Higher Education School of Education, Boston College.
- Levy, D. C., 1986, ‘Higher Education and the State in Latin America: Private Challenges to Private Dominance’, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. Mabizela, M., 2003, ‘The Evolution of Private Higher Education in South Africa’ in Kruss, G. & Kraak, A. (eds.). A Contested Good? Understanding Private Higher Education in South Africa, Boston and Albany: Center for Interna- tional Higher Education, Boston College and Programme for Research on Pri-
- vate Higher Education.
- Mkude, D., Cooksey, B., & Levey, L., 2003, ‘Higher Education in Tanzania’, Oxford: James Currey Publishers.
- Otieno, W., 2004, ‘Student Loans in Kenya: Past Experiences, Current Hurdles and Opportunities for the Future’, Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 2 (2), pp. 75–99.
- Otieno, W., 2002, ‘Privatizing Trends and Challenges in Kenyan Higher Educa- tion’, paper for discussion at the State University of New York at Albany, No- vember 7.
- Smith, A., 1937, ‘An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations’ in Cannan (ed.), reissued by Modern Library, Random House Inc.
- Smolentseva, A., 2004, ‘International Students in Russia’, International Higher Education, No. 36, Summer, pp.18–20.
- Sontheimer, K.C., 2001, ‘Privatizing Higher Education’, ASHE Reader on Fi- nance in Higher Education, Boston, MA: Pearson Custom Publishing.
- Strumilin, S. G., 1924, ‘The Economic Significance of National Education’ in UNESCO (1968) Readings in Economics of Education, Paris: UNESCO. Subotzky, G., 2002, ‘The Nature of the Private Higher Education Sector in South Africa: Further Quantitative Glimpses’, Perspectives in Education, 20 (4), December, pp. 1-13.
- The East African, 2005, The High Cost of Higher Education in Uganda, June 27– July, p.28, Nairobi: Nation Media Group.
- Wesonga, D., Ngome, C., & Wawire, V., 2003, The Role and Development of Private Universities in Higher Education in Kenya. Final Report.
- Yonezawa, A., 2005, ‘A Reintroduction of Government Accreditation in Japan: A Government Initiative’ International Higher Education. No. 40, Summer, pp. 20–22.
Les références
Abagi, O., Nzomo, J., & Otieno, W., 2005, ‘Private Higher Education in Kenya’ in Varghese, N.V.(ed.). Private Higher Education, Paris: UNESCO/IIEP Paris: United Nations’ Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)/ International Institute of Education Planning (IIEP).
Altbach, P. G., 2004, ‘The “Tipping Point” in International Education: How America is Losing the Race’, International Higher Education, No. 35, Spring, 5-6.
Altbach, P. G., 1999, ‘Private Higher Education: Themes and Variations in Com- parative Perspective’ in Altbach, P. G. (ed.). Private Prometheus: Private Higher Education and Development in the 21st Century, Boston, MA: Centre for In- ternational Higher Education, School of Education, Boston College.
Bogonko, S. N., 1992, Reflections on Education in East Africa, Nairobi: Oxford University Press.
Burn, B. B., 2000, ‘Australia and Foreign Student Recruitment’, International Higher Education, No. 18, Winter.
Commission for Higher Education (CHE), 2005, Statistical Records. Nairobi: CHE.
Daily Nation, 2004, July 24, ‘Parallel Degrees Just Won’t Go Away from the House Yet’, p.14.
Deloitte & Touché, 1994, Private University Study: Final Report, Vol. I and II, report prepared for the Commission of Higher Education, Nairobi.
Eicher, J. C., & Chevailier, T., 2002, ‘Rethinking the Financing of Post-Compul- sory Education’, Higher Education in Europe, Vol. XXVII, Nos. 1-2, pp. 69 – 88, Carfax Publishing.
Gupta, A., 2004, Divided Government and Private Higher Education Growth in India International Higher Education, Spring.
Huisman, J. & Kaiser, F., 2001, October, Fixed and Fuzzy Boundaries in Higher Education: A Comparative Study of (Binary) Structures in Nine Countries, from http://www.awt.nl/.
Johnstone, D. B., 1986, Sharing the Costs of Higher Education: Student Finan- cial Assistance in the United Kingdom, the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Sweden and the United States, New York: College Entrance Exami- nations Board.
Kenya Institute of Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA), 2004, Report of the Review of Terms and Conditions of Service for Academic Staff in Ken- yan Public Universities: Options for Forestalling Brain Drain, Nairobi: KIPPRA.
Kenya, Republic of, 1989, Kenya Subsidiary Legislation, ‘The Universities (Es- tablishment of Universities) (Standardization, Accreditation and Supervision) Rules’, Nairobi: Government Printer.
Kigotho, K., 2001, ‘Funding Crisis Hits University Education’, The East African Standard, March 25, pp. 11 and 15.
Kraak, A., 2003, ‘Convergence of Public and Private Provisions at the Further- Higher Education Interface’ in Kruss, G. & Kraak, A. (eds.), A Contested Good? Understanding Private Higher Education in South Africa, Boston: Center for International Higher Education, Boston College and Programme for Research on Private Higher Education, Albany.
Levy, D. C., 2003, Profits and Practicality: How South Africa Epitomizes the Global Surge in Commercial Private Higher Education, Programme for Pri- vate Higher Education (PROPHE) Working Paper No. 2, University at Albany, State University of New York, from http://www.alba ny.edu/dept/eaps/prophe/publication/paper.html#WP2.
Levy, D. C., 1999, ‘When Private Higher Education Does Not Bring Organiza- tional Delivery: Case Material from Argentina, China and Hungary’ in Altbach, P. G. (ed). Private Prometheus: Private Higher Education and Development in the 21st Century, Boston, MA: Center for International Higher Education School of Education, Boston College.
Levy, D. C., 1986, ‘Higher Education and the State in Latin America: Private Challenges to Private Dominance’, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. Mabizela, M., 2003, ‘The Evolution of Private Higher Education in South Africa’ in Kruss, G. & Kraak, A. (eds.). A Contested Good? Understanding Private Higher Education in South Africa, Boston and Albany: Center for Interna- tional Higher Education, Boston College and Programme for Research on Pri-
vate Higher Education.
Mkude, D., Cooksey, B., & Levey, L., 2003, ‘Higher Education in Tanzania’, Oxford: James Currey Publishers.
Otieno, W., 2004, ‘Student Loans in Kenya: Past Experiences, Current Hurdles and Opportunities for the Future’, Journal of Higher Education in Africa, 2 (2), pp. 75–99.
Otieno, W., 2002, ‘Privatizing Trends and Challenges in Kenyan Higher Educa- tion’, paper for discussion at the State University of New York at Albany, No- vember 7.
Smith, A., 1937, ‘An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations’ in Cannan (ed.), reissued by Modern Library, Random House Inc.
Smolentseva, A., 2004, ‘International Students in Russia’, International Higher Education, No. 36, Summer, pp.18–20.
Sontheimer, K.C., 2001, ‘Privatizing Higher Education’, ASHE Reader on Fi- nance in Higher Education, Boston, MA: Pearson Custom Publishing.
Strumilin, S. G., 1924, ‘The Economic Significance of National Education’ in UNESCO (1968) Readings in Economics of Education, Paris: UNESCO. Subotzky, G., 2002, ‘The Nature of the Private Higher Education Sector in South Africa: Further Quantitative Glimpses’, Perspectives in Education, 20 (4), December, pp. 1-13.
The East African, 2005, The High Cost of Higher Education in Uganda, June 27– July, p.28, Nairobi: Nation Media Group.
Wesonga, D., Ngome, C., & Wawire, V., 2003, The Role and Development of Private Universities in Higher Education in Kenya. Final Report.
Yonezawa, A., 2005, ‘A Reintroduction of Government Accreditation in Japan: A Government Initiative’ International Higher Education. No. 40, Summer, pp. 20–22.