Numéro

Vol. 6 No 2-3 (2008): Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique

1 - Introduction: Student Activism, Structural Adjustment and the Democratic Transition in Africa

https://doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v6i2-3.1611
Leo Zeilig
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1443-3037
Marcelle Dawson
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4534-4002

Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique, Vol. 6 No 2-3 (2008): Revue de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique

Résumé

Les étudiants formaient, dans la période qui a suivi l’indépendance, un groupe social transitoire porteur d’attentes tout à fait fondées de rétribution et de statut social élevé après l’obtention du diplôme. Les années 1970 ont commencé à ré- duire nombre de ces assurances, alors que les pays qui avaient tenté de mettre en place un développement dirigé par l’Etat se trouvaient confrontés à la récession internationale, à la corruption intérieure et à la décomposition. Le financemen par l’Etat de l’enseignement supérieur était, dès la fin des années 1970, la cible des restructurations imposées par la Banque mondiale et le Fond monétaire inter- nationale (FMI). L’activisme étudiant devait en subir les effets : en même temps que les étudiants se raccrochaient à un élitisme auto-satisfait, la réalité de la pau- vreté étudiante et les crises financières des universités africaines transformèrent leur activisme. En plus de l’effondrement de leur statut de groupe privilégié, il y avait une ‘convergence de forces’ sans précédent entre les étudiants et les classes populaires. Cette introduction examine le rôle des étudiants, la nature de leur protestation et leur relation avec la société civile dans le processus qui amena une vague d’élections multipartismes et de luttes pour la démocratie en Afrique. L’ar- ticle intervient de façon critique dans certains des débats les plus importants sur le rôle de l’activisme étudiant sur le continent et introduit les contributions à cette édition spéciale consacrée à l’activisme étudiant.

Mots-clés

Activisme Démocratique Afrique
Zeilig, L., & Dawson, M. (2008). 1 - Introduction: Student Activism, Structural Adjustment and the Democratic Transition in Africa. Revue De l’enseignement supérieur En Afrique, 6(2-3), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.57054/jhea.v6i2-3.1611
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Bibliographies de l'auteur

Leo Zeilig

Researcher, Centre for Sociological Research, Johannesburg and Senior Lecturer in the Department of Sociology, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa (leo.zeilig@hotmail.co.uk).

 

Marcelle Dawson

Lecturer, Department of Sociology, University of Johannesburg, South Africa (mdawson@uj.ac.za)

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