Articles · Vol. 25 No 1 (2021): Revue africaine de sociologie · Pages 86-111
Aetiological Explanations of Epilepsy and Implications on Treatments Options among Yoruba Traditional Healers in Southwest Nigeria
- Publiée 2021-01-17
- 26 pages
Résumé
Au Nigeria, les guérisseurs traditionnels jouent un rôle majeur dans le traitement des patients atteints d’épilepsie et leur statut ainsi que leur vision du monde ont une influence considérable sur les thérapies ou les traitements qui sont fournis, affectant ainsi la qualité des soins et les droits de leurs clients. Avec le manque d’études sur la prise en charge par ces guérisseurs des clients atteints d’épilepsie, cette étude a exploré leurs perspectives sur l’étiologie de l’épilepsie et comment leur vision et leur compréhension de la maladie façonnent les traitements et les thérapies accessibles à leurs clients. Des entretiens semi-directifs ont été menés avec 24 guérisseurs traditionnels considérés comme des experts dans le traitement de l’épilepsie dans deux communautés Yoruba du sud-ouest du Nigeria. Les résultats ont montré que ces guérisseurs percevaient l’épilepsie comme un problème de santé hautement stigmatisé et évité avec crainte parmi le peuple Yoruba. Une vue multicausale a été avancée dans leurs explications étiologiques des causes de l’épilepsie allant de naturel, héréditaire et surnaturel. Chaque cas d’épilepsie nécessite une divination claire pour comprendre la cause sous-jacente et le régime possible à adopter pour fournir de l’aide et du rétablissement. Les traitements sont souvent par étapes et mélangés au fur et à mesure que l ’individu progresse vers la récupération. De toutes les étiologies, les cas d ’épilepsie attribués à des forces surnaturelles et surnaturelles ont été considérés comme les plus difficiles à traiter. L’article conclut qu’avec le statut des guérisseurs traditionnels dans la communauté et l’acceptation de leurs modalités de traitement, l’absorption de la pratique médicale traditionnelle facilitera la supervision de leur pratique et aidera à réduire l’exploitation et à améliorer la qualité des soins.
Aetiological Explanations of Epilepsy and Implications on Treatments Options among Yoruba Traditional Healers in Southwest Nigeria:
In Nigeria, traditional healers play major roles in the treatment of patients living with epilepsy and their status as well as worldview have a considerable influence on the therapies or treatments that are provided, thereby affecting the quality of care and rights of their clients. With the dearth of studies on these healers’ management of clients with epilepsy, this study explored their perspectives on the aetiology of epilepsy and how their view and understanding of the condition shape the treatments and therapies that are accessible to their clients. Semi- structured interviews were conducted with 24 traditional healers considered as experts in the treatment of epilepsy in two Yoruba communities in Southwest Nigeria. Findings showed these healers perceived epilepsy as a health condition that is highly stigmatised and fearfully avoided among the Yoruba people. A multicausal view was advanced in their aetiological explanations of the causes of epilepsy ranging from natural, hereditary, and the supernatural. Each epilepsy case requires clear divination to understand the underlying cause and possible regimen to adopt in providing help and recovery. Treatments are often in stages and mixed as the individual progresses towards recovery. Of all the aetiologies, epilepsy cases that are attributed to preternatural and supernatural forces were considered most difficult to treat. The paper concludes that with the traditional healers’ status in the community, and acceptance of their treatment modalities, the absorption of traditional medical practice will aid the supervision of their practice and help reduce exploitation and improve the quality of care.
Mots-clés
Explication étiologique épilepsie guérisseurs traditionnels peuple Yoruba Nigéria
Statistiques
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Citations
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