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Articles · Vol. 16 No 1 (2008): Revue africaine des médias, Volume 16, n° 1, 2008
Media Imperialism Reconsidered – Again: Local, Western and Indian Media Use in Uganda
- DOI https://doi.org/10.57054/amr.v16i1.5185
- Publiée 2008-11-20
Résumé
La présente étude porte sur l’utilisation des média locaux occidentaux et indiens
parmi les étudiants ougandais afin de repenser la thèse de l’impérialisme médiatique
dans un contexte mondial caractérisé par un flux de plus en plus complexe de
media et de cultures. Nous avons enquêté un échantillon pratique de 153 étudiants
de Makerere University en 2003 afin de déterminer, entre autres leurs modes
d’utilisation des média, leur perception des menaces culturelles provenant des
média étrangers et les raisons de leur attachement ou détachement des média
locaux et étrangers. Nous avons fait usage d’une combinaison de questions
ouvertes et de questions fermées. A l’instar des précédentes études, les personnes
interrogées ont affirmé leur préférence des média locaux par rapport aux média
étrangers. Toutefois, en ce qui concerne spécifiquement les média étrangers, notre
population de recherche préfère les média occidentaux aux indiens tout en
reconnaissant que les média occidentaux constituent une plus grave menace
culturelle pour l’Ouganda que leurs homologues indiens. Quoi qu’il en soit, les
personnes interrogées se sont montrées, dans une certaine mesure, culturellement
et politiquement proches des films indiens, en dépit de la barrière linguistique.
Conformément aux précédente études, une fois de plus, il nous a été donné de
constater que les personnes interrogées faisaient preuve d’un usage actif plutôt
que passif des media concernés. Cette population s’est montrée particulièrement
active quant à l’expression des reproches qu’elle fait aux média. En plus, elle s’est
montrée particulièrement préoccupée par la domination culturelle intra-nationale
exercée par la communauté linguistique majoritaire du pays. Les résultats de ce
travail recommandent une autre reconsidération de la thèse de l’impérialisme
médiatique afin d’intégrer non seulement les complexités découlant des échanges
médiatiques Sud-Sud, mais également les préoccupations intra-nationales
concernant la domination et la subordination culturelles.
Media Imperialism Reconsidered – Again: Local, Western and Indian Media Use in Uganda
This study examines the use of local, Western and Indian media by Ugandan
college students in order to reconsider the media imperialism thesis in the context
of increasingly complex global flows of media and culture. We surveyed a
convenience sample of 193 students at Makerere University in Kampala in June
2003 and asked, among other topics, about their media use patterns, their
perception of cultural threats posed by foreign media and their reasons for liking
and disliking local and foreign media. We used a combination of closed and
open questions. Consistent with previous studies, we discovered that the
respondents preferred local media over foreign. But when asked specifically
about foreign media, they preferred Western media to Indian media even though
they believed Western media posed a more severe cultural threat to Uganda
than Indian media. However, the respondents also may have felt some cultural
and political proximity to Indian films despite the language barrier. We also
found, again consistent with previous research, that respondents were active
rather than passive media users. The respondents seemed particularly active
when they expressed dislike for media. The respondents also raised concerns
about intra-national cultural dominance by the major language group in the
country. The results suggest that the media imperialism thesis may be
reconsidered again to take into account complexities created by South-to-South
media flow, but also intra-national concerns about cultural domination and
subordination.
Mots-clés
Impérialisme médiatique Mode d’utilisation des média Change médiatiques Domination culturelle
Statistiques
- Consultations du résumé
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Citations
2 citations
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