Numéro

Vol. 44 No 3 (2019): Afrique et développement: Numéro spécial sur Argent, sécurité et gouvernance démocratique en Afrique (III)

5 - Mobile Money and the Human Economy: Towards Sustainable Livelihoods for Zimbabwean Migrants in South Africa

https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v44i3.670
Emma Mavodza
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5363-5574

Corresponding Author(s) : Emma Mavodza

emaodza@gmail.com

Afrique et développement, Vol. 44 No 3 (2019): Afrique et développement: Numéro spécial sur Argent, sécurité et gouvernance démocratique en Afrique (III)

Résumé

Cet article explore les moyens par lesquels les migrants zimbabwéens en Afrique du Sud envoient, reçoivent et donnent de l’argent par le biais d’innovations technologiques mobiles. Plus précisément, l’article examine comment les personnes non bancarisées accèdent à l’argent et le gèrent au quotidien. La plupart de ces migrants sont sans papiers et ont des difficultés à ouvrir des comptes car les institutions financières exigent certain documents tels que la preuve de résidence, la carte d’identité (locale), le permis de travail, l’adresse physique effective et les bulletins de paie de trois mois consécutifs. Cependant, avec l’avènement de l’argent mobile, ces migrants peuvent facilement transférer de l’argent, le Zimbabwe enregistrant ainsi un afflux important d’envois de fonds qui soutiennent une économie en difficulté et améliorent les moyens de subsistance de la population. L’article montre également comment les personnes non bancarisées sont exclues ou intégrées dans les transactions financières par le biais de réseaux sociaux, de liens de parenté, de relations de solidarité et d’autres formes d’échanges non monétaires. En outre, il analyse l’impact de l’argent mobile sur les relations sociales, économiques et politiques des personnes non bancarisées. Je montre comment l’argent mobile améliore l’accès des personnes non-bancarisées à l’argent et renforce la création d’une société dotée des attributs d’une économie humaine avec des inégalités réduites.

[1]
Mavodza, E. 2019. 5 - Mobile Money and the Human Economy: Towards Sustainable Livelihoods for Zimbabwean Migrants in South Africa. Afrique et développement. 44, 3 (févr. 2019). DOI:https://doi.org/10.57054/ad.v44i3.670.
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Biographie de l'auteur

Emma Mavodza

University of Witwatersrand. Email: emaodza@gmail.com

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